The change in the genes of organisms using biotechnology techniques is called genetic .The change in the genes of organism can be produced by removal,addition or modification of genes.It is the modern method to change the character of organism.FOR EXAMPLE,this process is used in crops to develope resistance in plants against disease causing microorganisms.The organism whose genes are modified is called GENETICALLY MODIFICATION ORGANISM (GMO).GMOs are also used to prepare useful and life saving products such as insulin and vaccine, etc.
Production of insulin by genetically modified bacterium
- INSULIN insulin is an animal protien,which is produced by pancreas.It controls the glucose level in blood.If pancreas does not produced the required amount of insulin,the level of glucose in blood rises.This condition is known as diabetes mellitus iastimulateACCINES. Vaccine is a material which contain weekend or killed pathogenesis and is used to produced immunity against disease.when vaccine is injected into the body of person the blood cells in the body take the weak or dead pathogenes as real ones and prepare antibodies against them. These antibodies remains in blood.when any real pathogens enters the bofy, the already present antibodies kill it immediately and the body become protected from disease.Nowdays, biotechnologists used bacteria to prepare vaccine they identify some protein of pathogens that that do not cause disease but can stimulate blood cells to make stimulate blood cells to make antibodies.The gene of some protein is inserted into bacterium. The GM bacteria make colonies and prepare the pathogenes protiens. These protiens act as protiens. When these proteins are injected in human body its blood cells produce antibodies. These antibodies can kill the kind of pathogens from which the gene was taken.Other important lifesaving biotechnology products include blood clotting factors,growth harmones,etc.
0 comments:
Post a Comment